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CERNLIB

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CERNLIB Fedora copr package repository for Fedora and CentOS
CERNLIB GitHub source repository (file cernlib.spec and examples)

CERNLIB in Fedora

CERNLIB v Fedora Package Sources je oznaceny ako dead package, posledny udrziavany balik CERNLIB bol v Fedore 14 cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm (archive). Tento CERNLIB balik je stale pritomny v Koji Fedora building and tracking system, resp. jeho posledny release 35 cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm (koji). Source rpm baliky (archive a koji) su absolutne identicke, minimalny rozdiel vo velkosti suboru je sposobeny inymi casmi build-ovania (a teda ina Signature vnutri balika). Fungujem dalej s Koji source rpm balikom. 

$ wget https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/packages/cernlib/2006/35.fc14/src/cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm

  28974483 2010-05-05 20:29:33 cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm

Original cernlib.spec (release 35) subor a jeho posledny %changelog 

59057 2010-05-05 18:46:36 cernlib.2006-35.fc14.spec   # original (Fedora 14) cernlib.spec

%changelog
* Wed May 05 2010 Jon Ciesla <limb@jcomserv.net> 2006-35
- Apply debian cernlib 2006.dfsg.2-14 patchset.

Fedora balik pouziva pre-patch-ovanu verziu CERNLIB 2006 z Debian distribucie (aka new Debian's cernlib) s poslednym patchset-om 2006.dfsg.2-14. Balik sa build-uje len s gfortran-om (a nie g77).

Build CERNLIB in Fedora

Instalacia zavislosti (ako root) 

$ dnf builddep cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm

Zaciname s build-ovanim cernlib (dalej vsetko ako user) 

$ # rpmbuild --rebuild cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm   # for RPM version < 4.12 (< Fedora 21)
$ # rpmbuild --define "_topdir /tmp/musinsky/rpmbuild" --rebuild cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm

$ rpmbuild -ra cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm
# many, many errors
$ cp -p $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec.orig

Vsetky subory su teraz v $HOME/rpmbuild/ vratane $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec (definovane pomocou rpm makier rpm --eval %{_topdir}, resp. $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/cernlib.spec). Dalej postupne patch-ujeme cernlib.spec file a znova build-ujeme packages: 

$ rm -rf $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/; rpmbuild -ba $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec

2019-04 release-40

Fedora 29 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 8.3.1 20190223. Vsetky nizsie uvedene chyby opravene v ramci release 40, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky nie len pre Fedora 29, ale aj pre Fedora 28, 30, 31 a pre CentOS 6 a 7. 

$ rm -rf $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/; rpmbuild -ba $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec

error01

+ sed -i.optflags -e 's/FOPT \+=.*/FOPT = "-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection"/' -e 's/COPT  \+=.*/COPT = "-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -D_GNU_SOURCE"/' p4boot.sh
sed: -e expression #1, char 183: unknown option to `s'

Nekorektna zamena FOPT a COPT parametrov v subore $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/patchy/p4boot.sh. sed vo vyraze pouziva premenu, ktora obsahuje slashes (char / ). Riesenie je pouzit alternativny regex delimiter, t.j. namiesto sed "s/$var/replace/g" file_name pouzit napr. sed "s~$var~replace~g" file_name. V principe prikaz sed umoznuje pouzit lubovolny char ako delimeter, separator (pozor, aby sa ten "novy" seprator char nevyskytoval vo vyraze, ktory pouziva premennu, co je prave tento problem).

Replace in cernlib.spec lines 918 - 919 

   sed -i.optflags -e 's/FOPT \+=.*/FOPT = "'"$FC_OPTFLAGS"'"/' \
            -e 's/COPT  \+=.*/COPT = "%{optflags} -D_GNU_SOURCE"/' p4boot.sh

   sed -i.optflags -e 's~FOPT \+=.*~FOPT = "'"$FC_OPTFLAGS"'"~' \
            -e 's~COPT  \+=.*~COPT = "%{optflags} -D_GNU_SOURCE"~' p4boot.sh

error02

gfortran -c -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -m-cypatch.f
gfortran: fatal error: no input files

Chybne generovanie Fortran a CC options programom $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/patchy/fcasplit. Su to presne tie options, ktore boli zamenene (uz korektne) pri rieseni predchadzajuceho (error01) problemu. 

        Fortran    name : gfortran
        Fortran options : -c -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -m-c
             CC    name : cc
             CC options : -c -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -m

Tieto options su zjavne "umelo useknute", co je sposobene malou hodnotou velkosti parametra pola PARAMETER (MXLENG=256, MXMKLN=128) v subore $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/patchy/fcasplit.f (dlzka options string je cca 350 znakov).

Add in cernlib.spec line 920 

        sed -i.mxleng -e 's/MXLENG=256/MXLENG=1024/' fcasplit.f

POZOR teoreticky mozno obidva riadky 918 a 919 s prikazom sed -i.optflags (error01) zakomentovat. "Vyriesi sa" naraz error01 aj error02. Kompilacia prejde, ale bude s inymi options ako kompilacia ostatneho kodu, co moze neskor priviest k roznym a necakanym chybam, problemom. Options su ulozene v subore $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/patchy/p4boot.sh.

default hodoty 

set  FOPT  = "-O2"                # Fortran compiler options
set  FOPTC = "-c $FOPT -posix"
set  COPT  = "-O2"                # C compiler options
set  COPTC =  "-c $COPT -posix"

cernlib.spec zamiena (niekolkonasobne patch-ovanie) options pre kompilaciu definovane pomocou rpm makra rpm --eval %{optflags} 

set  FOPT = "-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection"
set  FOPTC = "-c $FOPT -posix"
set  COPT = "-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -D_GNU_SOURCE"
set  COPTC =  "-c $COPT -posix"

error03

GFORTRAN   -c -o kuipcc.o /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/programs/kuipc/kuipcc.c
In file included from /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/kuip/kuip.h:10,
                 from /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/programs/kuipc/kuipcc.c:46:
/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/kuip/kstring.h:77:14: error: conflicting types for 'strfromd'
 extern char* strfromd( double d, size_t prec );
              ^~~~~~~~
In file included from /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/kuip/ksys.h:419,
                 from /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/kuip/kuip.h:9,
                 from /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/programs/kuipc/kuipcc.c:46:
/usr/include/stdlib.h:212:12: note: previous declaration of 'strfromd' was here
 extern int strfromd (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format,
            ^~~~~~~~

Funkcia extern char* strfromd( double d, size_t prec ) zo suboru $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kkern.c je v konflikte so standardnou glibc funkciou extern int strfromd (char *__dest, size_t __size, const char *__format, double __f), tato funkcia sa celkovo vyskytuje v 12 suboroch. The GNU C Library version 2.25 (glibc-2.25, 2017-02) added, among other things, function strfromd.

Add in cernlib.spec lines 945 - 958 

# dirty fix strfromd
cd $CERN_ROOT/src
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' graflib/higz/kuip/kstring.h
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' code_motif/mkdcmp.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' code_motif/kuip/kstring.h
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/kuip/kstring.h
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/ykuip/kmath.y
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmath.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kuwhat.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kexec.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kkern.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmacro.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c
sed -i 's/strfromd/strfromd9/g' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kvect.c

error04

GFORTRAN /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c -o archive/kmenu.o
/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c: In function 'interactive_find':
/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c:1070:20: warning: variable 'cmd0' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
         KmCommand *cmd0, *cmd;
                    ^~~~
/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c:1407:14: error: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Werror=format-security]
              printf (flis_name[i]);
              ^~~~~~

Chybne formatovanie prikazom printf v subore $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c (forum). Fedora pouziva pri build-ovani -Werror=format-security option (from %{optflags}).

Add in cernlib.spec lines 960 - 961 

# fix printf (flis_name[i])
sed -i 's/printf (flis_name/printf ("\%s", flis_name/' packlib/kuip/code_kuip/kmenu.c

error05

gmake[2]: Leaving directory '/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/build/kernlib/umon'
rebuild shared library libkernlib.so.1_gfortran.2006 in /kernlib
Mon 29 Apr 21:05:27 MSK 2019
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lnsl
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Nenainstalovana potrebna kniznica, hladam pomocou dnf provides \*libnsl.so. 

$ dnf list libnsl\*64
Installed Packages
libnsl2.x86_64
Available Packages
libnsl.x86_64          # legacy (not needed)
libnsl2-devel.x86_64   # required this package

Kniznica libnsl2-devel potrebna (aj pre build proces) pre Fedora 28 a vyssie.

Add in cernlib.spec lines 94 - 96 

%if 0%{?fedora} >= 28
BuildRequires: libnsl2-devel
%endif

Add in cernlib.spec lines 365 - 367 

%if 0%{?fedora} >= 28
Requires: libnsl2-devel
%endif

older Fedora

Fedora 26 (strela205, 2019-04) gcc 7.3.1, resp. Fedora 27 (strela07, 2019-04) gcc 7.3.1 alebo testovane uz skor na Fedora 25 (my PC, 2017-03) gcc 6.4.1. 

Testing geant321
  ... using exam1

# exam1 doesn't terminate

Problem s $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/build/geant321/examples/gexam1/exam1, ktory je sucastou testing geant321. Program exam1 sa nezakoncuje. Tento problem je aj s dalsimi programami exam* (from testing geant321). Vo Fedore 29 (gcc 8.3.1) tento problem uz nie je (Fedoru 28 nemam kde testovat). S najvacsou pravdepodobnostou je to ten isty problem ako Feb 03, 2019: CERNLIB 2006 on newer Linux systems. Until a proper fix is found, one needs to make sure that all FORTRAN code is compiled with "-O" (i.e. "-O1") and not with the default "-O3" (even "-O2" results in misbehavior). Patch pre Debian cernlib-20061220+dfsg3.patches.2019.02.03.txt. Fedora pre kompilaciu pouziva default options definovane pomocou rpm makra %{optflags} (Fedora pouziva -O2 na rozdiel od Debian -O3). 

# Fedora 26 (gcc 7.3.1)
$ rpm --eval %{optflags}
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic

Zamena default -O2 na -O tento problem riesi a vsetky exam* programy (from testing geant321) v Fedora 26 uspesne zbehnu 

$ rm -rf $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/; rpmbuild -ba --define "optflags -O -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic" $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec

Problem bol medzitym v gcc vyrieseny a preto sa uz v novsich verziach neobjavuje. Teoreticky mozno vykomentovat gexam* v subore $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/geant321/examples/Imakefile a teda testing programs exam* sa ani nebudu spustat. Samotna kompilacia CERNLIB prejde uspesne a baliky sa z-build-uju. V kazdom pripade to nie je riesenie, kedze zostava moznost, ze potom ani vlastne programy (kompilovane s CERNLIB) nebudu fungovat korektne.

Add in cernlib.spec lines 895 - 905 

# replace gcc optimization flags
# for gcc < 8 must be -O (no -O2 or -O3)
#
# gcc -dumpversion => older 4.8.5 => newer 8
%define gcc_dump_ver %(gcc -dumpversion | sed 's/[.].*$//')

%if 0%{?gcc_dump_ver} >= 8
echo default optflags
%else
%global optflags %(echo %{optflags} | sed 's/-O[0-3]/-O/')
%endif

2020-05 release-41

Fedora 32 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 10.1.1 20200507. Nizsie uvedene chyby opravene v ramci release 41, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 32. 

$ rm -rf $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/; rpmbuild -ba $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec

error01

Full error output CERNLIB gcc 10 

gfortran -g -c -O2 #many more options# /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kerngen/tcgen/sortzv.F

/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kerngen/tcgen/sortzv.F:26:72:

   26 |    10 CALL SORTTI (A,INDEX,N)
      |                                                                        1
Error: Type mismatch in argument 'a' at (1); passed REAL(4) to INTEGER(4)

GCC od verzie 10 mismatch in argument vracia ako chybu. Pridat novu option -fallow-argument-mismatch pre gfortran (vid nizsie), ktora znizi error na warning.

error02

Full error output CERNLIB gcc 10 

gfortran -g -c -O2 #many more options# /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kerngen/tcgens/ublow.F

/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kerngen/tcgens/lnxgs/ublow.F:19:20:

   19 |       data iblan1/x'20202000'/
      |                    1
Error: Hexadecimal constant at (1) uses nonstandard X instead of Z [see '-fno-allow-invalid-boz']

Analogicky problem ako error01 pre GCC od verzie 10. Pridat option -fallow-invalid-boz pre gfortran.

Replace in cernlib.spec line 918 

# 2020-05-23
FC_OPTFLAGS="%{optflags} -fallow-argument-mismatch -fallow-invalid-boz"

error03

Full error output CERNLIB gcc 10 

rebuild shared library libpacklib.so.1_gfortran.2006 in /packlib
/usr/bin/ld: kuip/code_kuip/shared/kbrow.o:/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/kuip/klink1.h:11: multiple definition of `klnkaddr'; kuip/code_kuip/shared/kalias.o:/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/kuip/kuip/klink1.h:11: first defined here

/usr/bin/ld: cspack/sysreq/shared/serror.o: in function `sstrerror':
/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/cspack/sysreq/serror.c:180: warning: `sys_errlist' is deprecated; use `strerror' or `strerror_r' instead
/usr/bin/ld: /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/cspack/sysreq/serror.c:179: warning: `sys_nerr' is deprecated; use `strerror' or `strerror_r' instead
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

GCC od verzie 10 zacal pouzivat -fno-common by default. Viac info napr. aj tu. Pridat option -fcommon pre gcc (t.j. nie len pre gfortran). Je to aj oficialne odporucanie ako portovat na GCC 10. Pravdepodobne bude s tymto viacero problemov, preto aj do redhat-rpm-config balika bola commit-nuta moznost pridania noveho flag-u %define _legacy_common_support 1.

Add in cernlib.spec lines 911 - 914 

# 2020-05-23
%if 0%{?gcc_dump_ver} >= 10
%global optflags %{optflags} -fcommon
%endif

Podmienka gcc >= 10 asi zbytocna, resp. taktiez by mala byt analogicky podmienka aj pre error01 a error02. Mozne vyuzitie do buducna pre pripad build-ovania sucasne s CentOS 8 so starsimi gcc kompilatormi ?! S pridanim noveho flag-u %define _legacy_common_support 1 sa tento problem riesi automaticky a korektne.

2020-10 release-42

Fedora 33 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 10.2.1 20201005. Nizsie uvedene chyby opravene v ramci release 42, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 33. 

$ rm -rf $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/; rpmbuild -ba $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec

error01

Full error output [cernlib] 2020-10 release-42 

lto-wrapper: fatal error: execvp: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
/usr/bin/ld: error: lto-wrapper failed
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
chmod a+x fcasplit
chmod: cannot access 'fcasplit': No such file or directory

Potrebne doinstalovat program make. Pravdepodobne sa pomenili zavislosti medzi balikmi, doteraz sa balik make instaloval implicitne.

Edit in cernlib.spec lines 94 - 96 

%if 0%{?fedora} >= 28
BuildRequires: libnsl2-devel make
%endif

error02

Full error output [cernlib] 2020-10 release-42 

gcc -g -c -O2 #many more options# /root/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kernbit/z268/systems.c -o archive/systems.o

/root/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kernbit/z268/systems.c: In function 'shift_systems':
/root/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kernbit/z268/systems.c:137:45: error: 'sys_errlist' undeclared (first use in this function)
  137 |   fprintf(stderr,"systems(): popen(): %s\n",sys_errlist[errno] );
      |                                             ^~~~~~~~~~~
/root/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/kernlib/kernbit/z268/systems.c:137:45: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in

The GNU C Library version 2.32 (glibc-2.32, 2020-08) sys_errlist and sys_nerr, among other things, are no longer available (deprecated) and should use strerror instead. Zamena je potrebna v 3 suboroch.

Add in cernlib.spec lines 988 - 994 

# replace deprecated sys_errlist and sys_nerr by strerror
cd $CERN_ROOT/src
sed -i 's/sys_errlist\[errno\]/strerror\(errno\)/g' kernlib/kernbit/z268/systems.c # 2x
sed -i 's/n<sys_nerr/n<strerror\(\)/g'              packlib/cspack/sysreq/serror.c
sed -i 's/sys_errlist\[n\]/strerror\(n\)/g'         packlib/cspack/sysreq/serror.c
sed -i 's/sys_errlist\[errno\]/strerror\(errno\)/g' packlib/cspack/sysreq/socket.c

2021-04 release-43

Fedora 34 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 11.0.1 20210405 (Red Hat 11.0.1-0). Kompilacia presla bez chyby ?! Ziadne zmeny (oproti 42) v ramci release 43, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 34.

2021-11 release-44

Fedora 35 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 11.2.1 20210728 (Red Hat 11.2.1-1). Nizsie uvedene chyby opravene v ramci release 44, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 35. Full error output [cernlib] 2021-11 release-44.

error 01

rebuild archive library libkernlib.a in /kernlib
Tue Nov  9 02:40:17 PM CET 2021
ar: libdeps specified more than once
gmake[1]: *** [Makefile:445: libkernlib.a] Error 123
gmake[1]: Leaving directory '/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/build/kernlib'
make: *** [Makefile:340: install.lib] Error 2

Program ar (archives) je sucastou rpm balika binutils. Binutils od verzie 2.36: The ar tool's previously unused l modifier is now used for specifying dependencies of a static library. V subore config/Imake.tmpl vynechat pouzivanie modifikatora l [1], [2], t.j. pouzivat ar cq namiesto ar clq (rul a xl modifikatory nie su podstatne).

Add in cernlib.spec lines 999 - 1002 

# binutils >= 2.36 (2021-11) replace "ar clq" by "ar cq"
sed -i 's/ArCmd ArCmdBase clq/ArCmd ArCmdBase cq/g'       config/Imake.tmpl
sed -i 's/ArAddCmd ArCmdBase rul/ArAddCmd ArCmdBase ru/g' config/Imake.tmpl
sed -i 's/ArExtCmd ArCmdBase xl/ArExtCmd ArCmdBase x/g'   config/Imake.tmpl

error 02

/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/cspack/tcpaw/tcpaw.c: In function 'getpass':
/home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/cspack/tcpaw/tcpaw.c:2617:10: error: argument 'prompt' doesn't match prototype
 2617 | char    *prompt;
      |          ^~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/bits/sigstksz.h:24,
                 from /usr/include/signal.h:328,
                 from /home/musinsky/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src/packlib/cspack/tcpaw/tcpaw.c:226:
/usr/include/unistd.h:977:14: error: prototype declaration
  977 | extern char *getpass (const char *__prompt) __nonnull ((1));
      |              ^~~~~~~

Funkcia extern char *getpass (const char *__prompt) __nonnull ((1));, ktora je deklarovana v subore /usr/include/unistd.h je uz niekolko rokov bez zmeny, preco teraz vznikol problem sa nepodarilo vypatrat ?! Existuju asi dve riesenia, funkciu premenovat na getpass9(prompt) alebo pouzit const char *prompt; ako v prototype funkcii.

Add in cernlib.spec lines 1004 - 1007 

# 2021-11 replace "char *prompt" by "const char *prompt"
# be careful with sed (4 spaces and *)
#sed -i "s/char\s\{4,\}\*prompt/const char    *prompt/g" packlib/cspack/tcpaw/tcpaw.c
sed -i "s/char    \*prompt/const char    *prompt/g" packlib/cspack/tcpaw/tcpaw.c

2023-04 release-45

Fedora 38 (x86_64), gcc (GCC) 13.1.1 20230426 (Red Hat 13.1.1-1). Nizsie uvedene chyby opravene v ramci release 45, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 38. Full error output [cernlib] 2023-04 release-45.

error 01

gfortran -c -O2 -flto=auto -ffat-lto-objects -fexceptions -g -grecord-gcc-switches -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-U_FORTIFY_SOURCE,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -fstack-protector-strong -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -fno-omit-frame-pointer -mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer -fcommon -fallow-argument-mismatch -fallow-invalid-boz -posi\360\276^A^E
gfortran: error: unrecognized command-line option '-posi�'

Analogicka chyba ako 2019-04 release-40 error02, Fortran options (FOPT a FOPTC) su "umelo useknute", co je sposobene, teraz pre zmenu, malou hodnotou velkosti parametra CHARACTER CHLINE*80, CHNAME*80, CHTEXT*511 v subore $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/patchy/fcasplit.f.

Add in cernlib.spec 

        sed -i.chtext -e 's/CHTEXT\*511/CHTEXT\*1022/' fcasplit.f

2023-10 release-46

Fedora 39 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 13.2.1 20231011. Kompilacia presla bez chyby. Ziadne zmeny (oproti 45) v ramci release 46, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 38.

2024-03 release-47

Fedora 40 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 14.0.1 20240316. Vsetky chyby opravene v ramci release 47, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 40. Oficialne odporucania ako porting to GCC 14. 

# 2024-03-27 gcc14
%if 0%{?gcc_dump_ver} >= 14
%global optflags %{optflags} -Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration -Wno-error=implicit-int -Wno-error=return-mismatch
%endif

2024-10 release-48

Fedora 41 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 14.2.1 20240912. Kompilacia "takmer" presla bez chyby. Bolo potrebne upravit komentare #%wrong na korektne #%%OK v cernlib.spec subore. Inak ziadne zmeny (oproti 47) v ramci release 48, s ktorym boli vytvorene baliky pre Fedora 40.

2025-04 release-49

Fedora 42 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 15.0.1 20250329. Zatial opravena len error01 v ramci release 49, see [3]. GCC 15 changes the default language version for C compilation from -std=gnu17 to -std=gnu23. 

# 2025-04-15 gcc15 (after fortran optflags)
%if 0%{?gcc_dump_ver} >= 15
%global optflags -std=gnu17 %{optflags}
%endif

Fedora 42 (x86_64), gcc and GNU Fortran (GCC) 15.1.1 20250425. Internal compiler error02 s novsou verziou gcc opraveny.

CERNLIB notes

CERNLIB Fedora copr download results directory and automatically created git repository (each release has a git branch, master is empty).

Recreate SRPM (source with new spec) 

$ wget https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/packages/cernlib/2006/35.fc14/src/cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm
$ rpmbuild --noprep --rmspec -rp cernlib-2006-35.fc14.src.rpm
$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/musinsky/config/master/CERNLIB/cernlib.spec -P $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})
$ rpmbuild -bs $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/cernlib.spec
$ ls $(rpm --eval %{_srcrpmdir})
cernlib-2006-40.fc29.src.rpm

Ak zlyhava kompilacia, mozno manualne editovat a nasledne znova kompilovat v $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/build/ dir, resp. subdirs, no je potrebne exportovat premenne 

export CVSCOSRC=$HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src
export CERN=$HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006
export CERN_LEVEL=2006
export CERN_VER=$CERN_LEVEL
export CERN_ROOT=$HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006
export CVSCOSRC=$HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/src
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/bin
cd $HOME/rpmbuild/BUILD/cernlib-2006/2006/build/

Povodny cernlib.spec umoznoval (umoznuje) kompilaciu s g77 a gfortran a este k tomu aj cernlib 2005 alebo cernlib 2006, takze spolu znacna variabilita. Tento spec file postupne transformoval patches z Debian-u, kde sa tento balik viac menej do dnesneho dna aj udrzuje. Debian je vsak vzdy s gcc "dost pozadu", takze ak vznikne na Fedora s najnovsim gcc nejaky problem, tazko sa dopatrat nejakeho patch-u. Suma summarum, principialne CERNLIB moze "drzat krok" s Debian-om a postupne implementovat vsetky jeho dalsie patches (od 2010-05, resp. 2006.dfsg.2-14 patchset) avsak "salenota", o to viac, ze CERNLIB je viac menej mrtvy.

Kompletna dokumentacia k vsetkym CERNLIB knizniciam je stale pristupna na CERN Document Server, napr. HBOOK Statistical Analysis and Histogramming Reference Manual (v subore hbook.tar.gz sa okrem samotnej dokumentacii nachadzaju aj rozne funkcne fortran priklady) alebo GEANT Detector Description and Simulation Tool.

TODO
  • Preferovat cestu vytvarania patch-ov, pokial menim nieco v source code (cd source => git init => change => patch), a nie ako teraz, pomocou sed-u v spec subore "editujem" source code
  • Options pre kompilatory asi bude rozumnejsie zadavat zjednodusene, manualne a "prepisat" to, co je v rpm macros (obzvlast pre gfortran)
  • Cely spec subor radikalne precistit, len pre gfortran (vynechat g77) a len pre systemy napr. od roku 2015 (ponechat CentOS)
  • Ako kompilovat so static, resp. static gfortran

RPM

RPM pouziva mnozstvo roznych macros, ktore sa vyuzivaju pri build-ovani. RPM configuration file (macro) subory su definovane na viacerych miestach /usr/lib/rpm/macros, /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/macros pripadne $HOME/.rpmmacros. RPM configuration file (rpmrc) subory analogicky /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc, /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/rpmrc alebo $HOME/.rpmrc. For definitions of more macros, examine the output of rpm --showrc. To see the expanded definition of a macro use the command rpm --eval %{macro_name}, more info in man rpm. 

$ cp -i /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/macros $HOME/.rpmmacros   # now can edit and customize user options

$ rpm --eval "default arch = %{_arch}"
default arch = x86_64
$ rpm -E "system prefix = %{_prefix}"   # -E same as --eval
system prefix = /usr
$ rpm --eval %{optflags}   # Fedora 29 (x86_64)
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection
$ rpm --eval %{optflags}   # Fedora 26 (x86_64)
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic

Z RPM balika mozeme ziskat (dopytat sa ho --query) mnozstvo tag-ov, informacii, more info in man rpm. 

$ rpm --querytags | grep -i flag   # list of all tags (and grep)
$ rpm -q astyle
astyle-3.1-6.fc29.x86_64
$ rpm -q --queryformat "name=%{NAME} ver=%{VERSION} rel=%{RELEASE} arch=%{ARCH}\n" astyle
name=astyle ver=3.1 rel=6.fc29 arch=x86_64
$ rpm -q --queryformat "%{OPTFLAGS}\n" astyle
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection
$ rpm -q --queryformat "%{OPTFLAGS}\n" cernlib-2006-35.fc25.x86_64.rpm
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic

Analogicky pre spec file, rpmspec is a tool for querying a spec file, more info in man rpmspec. 

$ rpmspec -q --srpm $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec
cernlib-2006-35.fc29.x86_64
$ rpmspec -q --queryformat "%{OPTFLAGS}\n" $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/cernlib.spec
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection

RPM build flags

The %{optflags} macro contains flags that determine CFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, FFLAGS, etc. (%{__global_cflags} macro evaluates to the same string) 

$ rpm --eval %{__global_cflags}   # Fedora 29 (x86_64)
-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection
$ rpm --eval %{configure}

$ rpmbuild --showrc | grep optflags

$ rpm --eval %{set_build_flags}   # Fedora 29 (x86_64)
CFLAGS="${CFLAGS:--O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection}" ; export CFLAGS ;
CXXFLAGS="${CXXFLAGS:--O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection}" ; export CXXFLAGS ;
FFLAGS="${FFLAGS:--O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -I/usr/lib64/gfortran/modules}" ; export FFLAGS ;
FCFLAGS="${FCFLAGS:--O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-annobin-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -I/usr/lib64/gfortran/modules}" ; export FCFLAGS ;
LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS:--Wl,-z,relro   -Wl,-z,now -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld}" ; export LDFLAGS

Using RPM build flags in redhat-rpm-config package in Fedora (actual info).

%{build_cflags} for the C compiler flags (also known as the CFLAGS variable). Also historically available as %{optflags}. The environment variable RPM_OPT_FLAGS is set to this value.
%{build_cxxflags} for the C++ compiler flags (usually assigned to the CXXFLAGS shell variable).
%{build_fflags} for the Fortran compiler flags (also known as FFLAGS or FCFLAGS variable).
%{build_ldflags} for the link editor (ld) flags (usually known as LDFLAGS). Note that the contents quotes linker arguments using -Wl, so this variable is intended for use with the gcc compiler driver. The environment variable RPM_LD_FLAGS is set to this value.
  • Using %{buildroot} and %{optflags} (macro style) vs $RPM_BUILD_ROOT and $RPM_OPT_FLAGS (variable style). V RPM specfile sa skor odporuca pouzivat macro style a v shell prostredi variable style, netreba ich navzajom miesat.
$ rpmbuild -ba --define "optflags -O" $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/cernlib.spec
$ rpmbuild --define "optflags -ABC" --showrc | grep optflags
$ rpm --define "optflags -XYZ" --eval %{optflags}
  • Overwrite, override optflags in spec file
# spec file 
%define optflags XYZ321
%global optflags %{optflags} ADD123

%global optflags %(echo %{optflags} | sed 's/-O[0-3]/-O/')

$ rpmspec -q --queryformat "%{optflags}\n" $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/cernlib.spec
$ rpmspec -P cernlib.spec   # !!! PARSING SPEC FILES TO STDOUT
  • Najdene (2025-05) velmi podobne riesenie v cmake.spec
# Do not build non-lto objects to reduce build time significantly.
%global build_cflags   %(echo '%{build_cflags}'   | sed -e 's!-ffat-lto-objects!-fno-fat-lto-objects!g')
%global build_cxxflags %(echo '%{build_cxxflags}' | sed -e 's!-ffat-lto-objects!-fno-fat-lto-objects!g')

alebo inym sposobom libtiff.spec 

export CFLAGS="%{optflags} -fno-strict-aliasing"

2024-10

Build-ovanie napr. root balika je znacne narocne na samotnu kompilaciu (cca 0.5 hodiny). V pripade, ze kompilacia (cmake) prejde korektne, a nastane problem az pri samotnom build-ovani, je vhodne pri dalsom zapusteny rpmbuild -ba $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/root.spec proces kompilacie "preskocit". Pouzit pre %setup macro option -D (do not delete the build directory prior to unpacking), pripadne aj option -T (skip the default unpacking of the first source), see [4]. 

%setup -q -a 1           # original
%setup -D -T -q -a 1     # skip

2025-05

NOTE manualove stranky distribuovane cez subpackages of rpm su znacne zastarale, napr: rpm(8) (2002), rpmbuild(8) (2002) alebo rpmspec(8) (2010). Vhodnejsie (aktualnejsie) info o jednotlivych rpm prikazov mozno ziskat s option --help. RPM Manual Pages obsahuje najnovsie manualove stranky, ale aktualne (2025), pre zatial este neuvedenu novu verziu RPM 6 (planned 2025-Q3), ktora bude predstavovat vyraznu aktualizaciu RPM balickovacieho systemu. 

# see also: [5] or [6]
$ diff -Naur file.c.orig file.c > file.c.patch   # option -u is important, see diff(1)
# in specfile: '%patch' (without option)

--- file.c.orig
+++ file.c

$ git diff > patch-file.patch                    # see git-diff(1) option by default
# in specfile: '%patch -p1'

--- a/file.c
+++ b/file.c

Build-ovanie v podstate znamena postupne spustanie rpm macros zo specfile, ktore vygeneruju shell scripts a nasledne ich spustaju. Pouzitie "inotify capture files" umozni tieto docasne subory (shell scripts) ulozit na dalsie studovanie, debug-ovanie. 

$ rpmbuild -ba $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/package.spec
Executing(%mkbuilddir): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.5aO3v4
Executing(%prep):       /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.br6oNX
Executing(%build):      /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.s2qIj6
Executing(%install):    /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.yjWuzl
Executing(%doc):        /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.wObwne
Executing(rmbuild):     /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Hihmqh

# or simplified and very useful
$ rpmspec --parse $HOME/rpmbuild/SPECS/package.spec   # parse rpmspec file to stdout

/usr/lib/rpm/macros.d/macros.forge to simplify packaging of forge-hosted projects. They automatically compute the Source urls based on macros set in the specfile. Macros provided by forge-srpm-macros package (on RHEL <= 9 by redhat-rpm-config package). See also section Referencing Source of Fedora Packaging Guidelines. 

%global forgeurl https://github.com/pdewacht/brlaser
%global commit   9d7ddda8383bfc4d205b5e1b49de2b8bcd9137f1
%global date     20200420

Name:           brother-brlaser-printer
Version:        6
# forgemeta with flag '-i' for info or flag '-v' for verbose
%forgemeta -i
# forgemeta invoked before setting Release => brother-brlaser-printer-6-3.20200420git9d7ddda.fc42.x86_64.rpm
Release:        3%{?dist}
# forgemeta invoked after setting Release =>  brother-brlaser-printer-6-3.fc42.x86_64.rpm
URL:            %{forgeurl}
Source0:        %{forgesource}

%prep
# forgesetup with flag '-v' for verbose, after this point forgemeta is no longer used
%forgesetup

$ rpmspec --parse $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/brother-brlaser-printer.spec
$ rpmbuild --nobuild --nodeps $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/brother-brlaser-printer.spec   # try with '%forgemeta -i'

$ rpmspec --query $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/brother-brlaser-printer.spec # --srpm
brother-brlaser-printer-6-3.20200420git9d7ddda.fc42.x86_64
$ rpmspec --query --queryformat "%{version}-%{release}\n" $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/brother-brlaser-printer.spec
6-3.20200420git9d7ddda.fc42

/usr/lib/rpm/macros.d/macros.cmake provided by cmake-rpm-macros package. See also section CMake Packaging Guidelines of Fedora Packaging Guidelines.

/usr/lib/rpm/macros.d/macros.cups provided by cups-devel package.

Dobry priklad, ktory ilustruje ako Fedora/RHEL pridava potrebne subory pre build-ovanie do svojho balickovacieho systemu je napr. rpm macro %_cups_serverbin, ktore sa nachadza v subore macros.cups. Tento subor nema nic spolocne s vyvojarmi CUPS. Tvorcovia rpm balika sa ale "nechali inspirovat" premennou prostredia CUPS_SERVERBIN definovanou v cups(1).
Analogicky, vyssie spomenuty subor macros.cmake je produktom Fedora/RHEL balickovacej komunity a nie vyvojarov CMake. 

# setup '_cups_serverbin' if not defined already
%{!?_cups_serverbin: %global _cups_serverbin %(/usr/bin/cups-config --serverbin)}
# setup 'cups_serverbin_example'
%global cups_serverbin_example %(/usr/bin/pkg-config --variable=cups_serverbin cups)

NOTE %global preferred over %define macro, see also [7], [8] or [9].

rpmdev-spectool(1)rpm expand and download sources and patches from specfiles (python script, formerly as spectool). 

$ rpmdev-spectool --get-files --sourcedir $(rpm --eval %{_specdir})/brother-brlaser-printer.spec

rpmdev-vercmp (provided by rpmdevtools) compare rpm versions 

$ rpmdev-vercmp 6-3.20200420git9d7ddda 6-3
6-3.20200420git9d7ddda > 6-3
$ rpmdev-vercmp 20200420git9d7ddda 20200420
20200420git9d7ddda > 20200420

Comments in spec file have number (octothorp) sign # at the start of the line (do not use inline comments). NOTE that macros are expanded everywhere (even in comment lines), escape the macro with an extra percent sign, use %%. 

%forgemeta -i # bla    do not use inline comments (unexpected problems)

# %forgemeta -i        wrong, RPM build warnings: Macro expanded in comment
# #%forgemeta -i       wrong, RPM build warnings: Macro expanded in comment
# %%forgemeta -i       OK macro comment
# %%%forgemeta -i      wrong, RPM build warnings: Macro expanded in comment
%dnl %forgemeta -i     OK macro comment ('discard to next line' macro, rpm >= 4.15, released 2019-09)
# %dnl %forgemeta -i   OK, RPM build warnings: Macro expanded in comment (expand macro %dnl)
%dnl # %forgemeta -i   OK (my choice) without RPM build warnings and correct syntax highlight in editor

# %%macro1 %macro2     wrong
# %%macro1 %%macro2    OK
%dnl # %macro1 %macro2 OK

%changelog follow this format for the first line 

Day-of-Week Month Day Year Name Surname <email> - Version-Release
Mon May 06 2019 Jan Musinsky <musinsky@gmail.com> - 6-3.20200420git9d7ddda


INSPIRACIA AKO verziovat (a potom linky zmazat) https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/google-noto-fonts/blob/rawhide/f/google-noto-fonts.spec https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/hunspell-en/blob/rawhide/f/hunspell-en.spec 

google-noto-serif-vf-fonts-0:20250301-1.fc42.noarch
hunspell-en-0:0.20201207-11.fc42.noarch
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